Over the past decade, proportionality has become a defining feature of federal discovery practice, particularly in the context of electronically stored information (ESI).

Since the Federal Rule amendments in 2015 re-emphasized proportionality as a significant principle in relation to discovery, organizations have struggled to operationalize the discovery process in a ...

As courts continue to wrestle with Rule 26(b)(2)(B), a trend of parties using proportionality as a barrier to e-discovery production emerges. Under Rule 26(b)(2)(B), the Federal Rules of Civil ...

I was fortunate to moderate a webinar for ACEDS about proportionality and summarize the discussion below. You can listen to the entire program here. Proportionality in e-discovery is based on the ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Jill Goldenziel writes & consults on security, law, & business risk. Proportionality in war does not mean balancing number of ...

The concept, important for determining the legality of an act of war, is about weighing civilian harm against military objectives, not about achieving a balanced number of casualties. By Steven ...

“That ratio is tremendously positive,” said IDF Spokesman Jonathan Conricus when asked in December 2023 about Israel’s assessment that it had killed two Palestinian civilians for every one Hamas ...